I think it really depends on the hamster's individual temperament. With most of my syrians, I've been handling the day after, and within the week the hamster is happily hand-walking.
On the other hand, my little Fin is probably the flightiest syrian I've owned yet. Before they have all been confident, lively and unfazed little fluffs who were easy to tame.
Fin was terrified from the moment I lifted him out the shop tank. He stressed himself on the way home by chewing out of his box and scrabbling around in the bag, then almost flung himself free onto the pavement! I did the same as you, put him in a smaller bin before I upgraded him into his 110 litre. It took him at least three days to calm down, and he hid under his bridge and screamed at me every time I spoke or tried to touch him. He settled in a bit more after a week in his bigger bin.
It just took patience.
Start off by talking to him gently to get him used to the sound of your voice, and when he gets a little more confident and will come out and explore by himself, and do everything hammies are supposed to do, then try him. If he's still not ready he'll let you know.
With flighty hammies, I'd say leave him 2-3 to begin with, and see how he goes.