Hello!
Female hamsters come into season once every 4-5 days. You can tell which stage of her oestrus she's in by looking at her private parts.
When she is actually in season, she will have a clear wet discharge from her "lady bits". The evening of that day she will be at her most ready for breeding. If she is not mated, then the next day she will have a whitish discharge which may be present for a couple of days. It's this that gives the characteristic smell you've noticed.
I guess that hamsters being very solitary in the wild, with large territories, a female which hasn't managed to attract a mate has to "advertise" strongly that she's available for breeding, hence the scent which she would leave around, hoping a male will pick it up and visit the next time!
Although, I have noticed some girl hamsters smell more than others, and I have one who whiffs a bit all the time!
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